-
WORD GRAMMAR
-
Verb
- Conjugation in indicative
- Person and number
- Tenses
- Voice
- Mood
- Verb categories
- Valency
- Semantic categories of verbs
- Finite / non-finite verb forms
- Noun
- Adjective
- Adverb
- Article
- Pronoun
- Preposition
- Conjunction
- Particle
- Interjection
-
Verb
-
SENTENCE GRAMMAR
- Clause types
- Complex clauses
- Constituents of a sentence
- Sentence structure
- Word order in a sentence
- Negation
Case
KA28
Prepositions determine the case of the accompanying nouns or pronouns. There are two main categories :
1.
|
One-case prepositions. |
Most prepositions govern only one case.
Examples | |
ohne + accusative | ohne seine Hilfe |
nach + dative | nach der Pause |
infolge + genitive | infolge dichten Nebels |
This category also includes prepositions that, in everyday language or dialects, can govern two (or even three cases), without any changes in their meaning
Examples | |
wegen + genitive / (dative) | wegen Umbaus / wegen Umbau |
ab + dative / (accusative) | ab 18 Jahren / ab 18 Jahre |
entlang + accusative / dative / genitive | den Fluss entlang / entlang dem Fluss / entlang des Flusses |
2.
|
Two-case prepositions |
This category includes prepositions that can govern two cases. The change of case changes the meaning of the preposition.
Examples | meaning | ||
in + | accusative | Tu die Milch in den Kühlschrank! | direction |
dative | Die Milch ist im Kühlschrank. | state/absence of motion | |
an + | accusative | Paul hängt das Bild an die Wand. | direction |
dative | Das Bild hängt an der Wand. | state/absence of motion |