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WORD GRAMMAR
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Verb
- Conjugation in indicative
- Person and number
- Tenses
- Voice
- Mood
- Verb categories
- Valency
- Semantic categories of verbs
- Finite / non-finite verb forms
- Noun
- Adjective
- Adverb
- Article
- Pronoun
- Preposition
- Conjunction
- Particle
- Interjection
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Verb
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SENTENCE GRAMMAR
- Clause types
- Complex clauses
- Constituents of a sentence
- Sentence structure
- Word order in a sentence
- Negation
Exceptions in the second declension
In the second declension of nouns there are certain exceptions.
1. Nouns Nachbar, Bauer und Ungar take the ending -n, instead of the ending -en.
singular
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nominative | der | Nachbar | Bauer | Ungar |
genitive | des | Nachbarn | Bauern | Ungarn |
dative | dem | Nachbarn | Bauern | Ungarn |
accusative | den | Nachbarn | Bauern | Ungarn |
plural
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nominative | die | Nachbarn | Bauern | Ungarn |
genitive | der | Nachbarn | Bauern | Ungarn |
dative | den | Nachbarn | Bauern | Ungarn |
accusative | die | Nachbarn | Bauern | Ungarn |
2. Nouns like Name or Samen form the genitive singular with the ending -ens.
This rule applies to a group of nouns ending in –e or –en like der Friede(n), der Gedanke(n), der Glaube(n), der Wille(n), der Funke(n).
singular
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nominative | der | Name | Samen |
genitive | des | Namens | Samens |
dative | dem | Namen | Samen |
accusative | den | Namen | Samen |
plural
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nominative | die | Namen | Samen |
genitive | der | Namen | Samen |
dative | den | Namen | Samen |
accusative | die | Namen | Samen |
3. The noun Herr is also an exception.
singular
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nominative | der | Herr |
genitive | des | Herrn |
dative | dem | Herrn |
accusative | den | Herrn |
plural
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nominative | die | Herren |
genitive | der | Herren |
dative | den | Herren |
accusative | die | Herren |
4. Finally, the noun Herz is the only neuter gender noun of the second declension.
singular
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nominative | das | Herz |
genitive | des | Herzens |
dative | dem | Herz |
accusative | das | Herz |
plural
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nominative | die | Herzen |
genitive | der | Herzen |
dative | den | Herzen |
accusative | die | Herzen |