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WORD GRAMMAR
-
Verb
- Conjugation in indicative
- Person and number
- Tenses
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- Noun
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-
Verb
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SENTENCE GRAMMAR
- Clause types
- Complex clauses
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- Sentence structure
- Word order in a sentence
- Negation
s-merge
CA44
The "s" in the ending "-st" of the second person singular is deleted when the verb stem ends in
s, ß, x, z |
This occurs in the following cases:
present indicative | Präteritum indicative | |
regular verbs | 2. person singular | --- |
irregular verbs | 2. person singular | 2. person singular |
Some examples:
regular verbs | ||
present indicative
|
||
person | stem | ending |
ich |
tanz
|
e |
du |
tanz
|
t |
er / sie / es |
tanz
|
t |
wir |
tanz
|
en |
ihr |
tanz
|
t |
sie |
tanz
|
en |
Sie |
tanz
|
en |
irregular verbs | |||||
present indicative
|
Präteritum indicative | ||||
person | stem | ending | stem | ending | |
ich |
les
|
e |
las
|
-- | |
du |
lies
|
t |
las
|
t * | |
er / sie / es |
lies
|
t |
las
|
-- | |
wir |
les
|
en |
las
|
en | |
ihr |
les
|
t |
las
|
t | |
sie |
les
|
en |
las
|
en | |
Sie |
les
|
en |
las
|
en |
* Seldom, the "s" of the ending is not deleted. In this case, an "e" is added to the ending (e.g. lasest).