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WORD GRAMMAR
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Verb
- Conjugation in indicative
- Person and number
- Tenses
- Voice
- Mood
- Verb categories
- Valency
- Semantic categories of verbs
- Finite / non-finite verb forms
- Noun
- Adjective
- Adverb
- Article
- Pronoun
- Preposition
- Conjunction
- Particle
- Interjection
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Verb
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SENTENCE GRAMMAR
- Clause types
- Complex clauses
- Constituents of a sentence
- Sentence structure
- Word order in a sentence
- Negation
Subjective meaning of modal verbs
The subjective meaning of the modal verbs states the speaker's attitude towards the content of his/her statement. Through the subjective meaning of the modal verbs either the likelihood of a fact is assessed (hypothesis) or speech is reported i.e. the words of somebody.
Modal verbs that express hypothesis
modal verb | Examples |
progression of possibility
|
transcription |
müssen in the indicative | Paul muss um diese Zeit zu Hause sein. |
95% |
certainly |
müssen in the Konjunktiv II | Paul müsste um diese Zeit zu Hause sein. |
85%
|
most probably |
dürfen in the Konjunktiv II | Paul dürfte um diese Zeit zu Hause sein. |
75%
|
probably |
können in the indicative | Paul kann um diese Zeit zu Hause sein. |
50%
|
maybe |
können in the Konjunktiv II | Paul könnte um diese Zeit zu Hause sein. |
40%
|
possibly |
Note on nur können
When the modal verb können is accompanied by the word nur, it shares the same meaning with müssen.
Example | ||
Das kann nur eine Verwechslung sein. |
=
|
Das muss eine Verwechslung sein. |